Housing Affordability Index — Definition and What It Means for Your Income

A measure comparing median household income to the income needed to afford the median-priced home.

The Housing Affordability Index compares the median household income in an area to the income required to qualify for a mortgage on the median-priced home, assuming standard down payment and interest rate assumptions. A value of 100 means the median family has exactly enough income to qualify for the median home. The 2024 national median household income is $83,730 (Census ACS 2024).

Source: National Association of RealtorsSource: Census Bureau

Why it matters

This index reveals whether homeownership is realistically accessible to typical earners in a given market — useful for understanding rent vs. buy decisions.

Example

A Housing Affordability Index of 120 means the median family income is 120% of what's needed to qualify for the median home — homeownership is broadly accessible. An index of 60 means significant affordability challenges.

Related tools

/calculators/mortgage-vs-rent/ →/cost-of-living/rent-vs-buy/ →

Related terms

Housing Cost BurdenMedian RentHomeownership Rate
FAQ

Housing Affordability Index — FAQ

What does a low Housing Affordability Index mean?

A low index (below 100) means the median household income is insufficient to comfortably afford the median-priced home — common in high-cost coastal cities.

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Income Reality Check is an educational tool, not financial advice. Your situation has more dimensions than any tool can capture.